Token Economics
Reference library

Real tokenomics, explained.

313 real public protocols (13 hand-verified). Allocations, vesting schedules, and the design choices behind them — encoded from each project's launch documentation. Click through for the full breakdown of any project, or open one in Token Economics to fork it as your starting point.

Showing 60 of 313 · total 313

DEFISept 2020Verified
UNISWAP$UNI

60% community-controlled, 0% public sale. Retroactive airdrop to past LPs/users. The reference design for community-first DeFi governance.

L1 / L2Mar 2023Verified
ARBITRUM$ARB

L2 governance token with 56% community / 44% insider split. 4-year cliff+vest on team and investors after a controversial 1-year delay before unlocks began.

L1 / L2May 2022Verified
OPTIMISM$OP

Pioneering L2 with a community-first split: 25% to airdrops + 25% to Retroactive Public Goods Funding. 19% each to insiders. Token-holder governance over a Citizens' House for non-financial decisions.

DEFIDec 2023Verified
JITO$JTO

Solana liquid-staking + MEV infrastructure. 34.3% community (with a 10% TGE airdrop), insiders on 1-year cliff + 2-year vest. The signature Solana DeFi token launch of 2023.

STABLECOINApr 2024Verified
ETHENA$ENA

Synthetic-dollar stablecoin protocol. 5% TGE airdrop (the famous "Shard" campaign), insiders on 1-year cliff + 3-year linear. Heavy ecosystem incentives drove rapid USDe growth.

NFTDec 2024Verified
PUDGY PENGUINS$PENGU

NFT-native community token. 70.7% to communities + liquidity at TGE — including a sweep across the entire Solana NFT ecosystem, not just Pudgy holders. 88.888B supply chosen as a meme.

DEPINJul 2023Verified
WORLDCOIN$WLD

Proof-of-personhood network with 75% reserved for verified humans. Largest user-allocation share of any major token. Distributed via biometric verification at Orbs worldwide.

DEFIDec 2020Verified
LIDO$LDO

Liquid-staking governance token. 36% to the DAO treasury, 22% to founders + early team (1Y cliff + 1Y vest), 22% to investors, 6.5% to validators. Token-holder governance over a multibillion-dollar staking pool.

DEFINov 2024 (transferable)Verified
MORPHO$MORPHO

Lending optimiser turned full-stack lending primitive. Token was issued in 2022 but non-transferable for 2 years to align long-term holders. Heavy DAO + strategic-partner allocation.

DEFIDec 2017Verified
MAKERDAO$MKR

OG governance token, low supply (~1M). Distributed via private OTC sales over years rather than a public ICO. The original lender of last resort: MKR mints to cover bad debt; protocol surplus burns MKR.

DEFISept 2021Verified
GMX$GMX

Perpetuals DEX with no VC backing and an unusually low max supply (13.25M). Most tokens distributed via XVIX/Gambit migration + esGMX rewards. The fair-launch reference for derivatives.

DEFIApr 2021Verified
PENDLE$PENDLE

Yield-trading protocol. Heavy initial allocation to liquidity incentives (37%), team + investors on standard vests, vePENDLE locks for governance + boosted yield. The reference vote-escrow design.

DEFIOct 2020Verified
AAVE$AAVE

Migrated from LEND at 100:1. Existing token holders carried over their distribution; only the 18.75% ecosystem reserve was newly minted. Demonstrates a credible token redenomination.

DEFIMAY 2021
ABRACADABRA$SPELL

172.8B SPELL supply. Largest allocations: 55.1% spell incentives, 36.4% team, 8.5% ido. Insider total ~36.4%; TGE float ~0%. Data parsed from DeFiLlama Unlocks and validated against the protocol's published distribution.

DEFIJAN 2022
ACALA$ACA

1.6B ACA supply. Largest allocations: 21.2% rewards, 18.8% staking emissions, 18.8% farming emissions. Insider total ~30.9%; TGE float ~0%. Data parsed from DeFiLlama Unlocks and validated against the protocol's published distribution.

DEFINov 2022
ACROSS$ACX

Optimistic-oracle-based bridge by UMA + Risk Labs. 1B ACX supply: ~50% community/treasury, ~25% team & contributors, ~15% investors, smaller buckets for grants and liquidity rewards. Settlement via UMA's optimistic oracle — disputed transfers are bonded.

DEFIAug 2023
AERODROME$AERO

Base's anchor DEX, fork of Velodrome with liquid ve-NFT design. Distributes via gauge votes; veAERO holders direct emissions and earn 100% of fees on pools they vote for. Genesis distribution via airdrop to Velodrome holders + USDC/AERO LPs.

DEFIJUN 2024
AETHIR$ATH

42.0B ATH supply. Largest allocations: 50% checkers & compute providers, 15% ecosystem, 12.5% team. Insider total ~29%; TGE float ~6%. Data parsed from DeFiLlama Unlocks and validated against the protocol's published distribution.

DEFIAPR 2023
AGILITY LSD$AGILITY

500M AGILITY supply. Largest allocations: 88% liquidity incentive, 10% treasury, 1% initial liquidity. Insider total ~0%; TGE float ~0%. Data parsed from DeFiLlama Unlocks and validated against the protocol's published distribution.

DEFIMAY 2025
ALAYA AI$ALAYAAI

5.0B ALAYAAI supply. Largest allocations: 35% user rewards, 10% ecosystem fund, 8% seed round. Insider total ~24%; TGE float ~9%. Data parsed from DeFiLlama Unlocks and validated against the protocol's published distribution.

DEFISEP 2022
ALEX$ALEX

1.0B ALEX supply. Largest allocations: 50% community, 30% employees, advisors, early investors, teams, 20% foundation. Insider total ~60%; TGE float ~50%. Data parsed from DeFiLlama Unlocks and validated against the protocol's published distribution.

DEFIJAN 2024
ALTLAYER$ALT

10.0B ALT supply. Largest allocations: 21.5% treasury, 20% protocol development, 18.5% investors. Insider total ~38.5%; TGE float ~0%. Data parsed from DeFiLlama Unlocks and validated against the protocol's published distribution.

DEFIJUN 2018
ANKR$ANKR

10.0B ANKR supply. Largest allocations: 40% mining rewards, 17% team, 15% private sale 3. Insider total ~50%; TGE float ~0%. Data parsed from DeFiLlama Unlocks and validated against the protocol's published distribution.

NFTMar 2022
APECOIN$APE

NFT-backed governance token tied to BAYC ecosystem. 1B supply. 62% community + ecosystem, 16% Yuga Labs founders, 14% investors, 8% launch contributors.

DEFINOV 2020
API3$API3

167M API3 supply. Largest allocations: 40.3% staking rewards, 17.9% founding team, 14.9% ecosystem fund. Insider total ~32.9%; TGE float ~0%. Data parsed from DeFiLlama Unlocks and validated against the protocol's published distribution.

L1 / L2Oct 2022
APTOS$APT

Move-language L1 from former Meta engineers. 1B initial supply. ~51% community, 19% core contributors, 16.5% Aptos Foundation, 13.5% investors. Most insider tokens locked 4 years.

L1 / L2Mar 2023
ARBITRUM$ARB

Optimistic rollup, ETH L2. 10B ARB supply: 36.1% team/contributors/advisors (4-year vest with 1-year cliff), 23.5% investors (same schedule), 13.3% Arbitrum DAO Treasury, 11.6% airdrops, 10% foundation, 1.5% partner DAOs. Insider total ~60% — high by L2 standards but standard for VC-backed launches.

DEFIJUL 2023
ARKHAM$ARKM

1.0B ARKM supply. Largest allocations: 37.3% ecosystem incentives and grants, 20% core contributors, 17.5% investors. Insider total ~40.5%; TGE float ~0%. Data parsed from DeFiLlama Unlocks and validated against the protocol's published distribution.

DEFISEP 2025
ASTER$ASTER

8.0B ASTER supply. Largest allocations: 44.6% future airdrops (tbd), 18.3% ecosystem & community, 17.9% airdrop. Insider total ~5.8%; TGE float ~17.9%. Data parsed from DeFiLlama Unlocks and validated against the protocol's published distribution.

DEFIAPR 2023
ASYMETRIX PROTOCOL$ASX

100M ASX supply. Largest allocations: 50% community, 25% investors, 25% team. Insider total ~50%; TGE float ~50%. Data parsed from DeFiLlama Unlocks and validated against the protocol's published distribution.

DEFIJun 2022
AURA$AURA

Vote-aggregator on top of Balancer (the Convex-of-BAL). 100M AURA supply distributed via emissions for veBAL deposits + bribe markets. ~50% LP rewards, ~25% treasury, smaller buckets for team and investors. Captured ~50% of Balancer's veBAL voting power at peak.

L1 / L2Sep 2020
AVALANCHE$AVAX

L1 with three-chain architecture (X-Chain, P-Chain, C-Chain). 720M max supply, 9.26% public sale, 50% staking rewards, 10% foundation, 10% strategic partners, 7% team, plus early backers.

DEFISEP 2022
AXELAR NETWORK$AXL

1.2B AXL supply. Largest allocations: 29% community programs, 19.3% staking rewards, 13.7% company core team. Insider total ~24.5%; TGE float ~0%. Data parsed from DeFiLlama Unlocks and validated against the protocol's published distribution.

GAMEFINov 2020
AXIE INFINITY$AXS

Original P2E phenomenon. 270M max supply, 20% play-to-earn rewards, 21% staking, 11% private sale, 4% public sale, 21% Sky Mavis team, 8% advisors, 7% ecosystem fund.

DEFIAPR 2025
BABYLON PROTOCOL$BABY

13.6B BABY supply. Largest allocations: 26.5% inflation, 22.4% early private round investors, 13.2% research and development + operations. Insider total ~36%; TGE float ~0%. Data parsed from DeFiLlama Unlocks and validated against the protocol's published distribution.

DEFIJun 2020
BALANCER$BAL

Programmable AMM with weighted pools. ~96M circulating supply: 38.9% to liquidity providers (ongoing emissions), 23.4% founders/options/advisors/investors, 24.7% LP rewards (TBD), 5.2% treasury, 5.2% Labs fundraising, 2.6% Labs contributors. Later introduced veBAL (Curve-style vote escrow).

DEFIAUG 2023
BASESWAP$BASESWAP

10M BASESWAP supply. Largest allocations: 85.4% liquidity incentives, 5% treasury & marketing, 5% team. Insider total ~5%; TGE float ~0%. Data parsed from DeFiLlama Unlocks and validated against the protocol's published distribution.

DEFIMAY 2017
BASIC ATTENTION$BAT

1.5B BAT supply. Largest allocations: 66.7% investor, 20% user growth pool, 13.3% brave. Insider total ~66.7%; TGE float ~0%. Data parsed from DeFiLlama Unlocks and validated against the protocol's published distribution.

DEFIMAR 2022
BENDDAO$BEND

10.0B BEND supply. Largest allocations: 40% lend/borrow incentive, 21% team, 21% treasury. Insider total ~21%; TGE float ~5%. Data parsed from DeFiLlama Unlocks and validated against the protocol's published distribution.

DEFIAUG 2021
BENQI$QI

7.2B QI supply. Largest allocations: 45% community incentives, 15% foundation treasury, 12.1% private. Insider total ~28%; TGE float ~12.1%. Data parsed from DeFiLlama Unlocks and validated against the protocol's published distribution.

L1 / L2Feb 2025
BERACHAIN$BERA

Proof-of-Liquidity L1. 500M genesis supply. ~38% community/ecosystem, 17% airdrop, 21% core contributors, 17% private sale, plus Foundation. Three-token system (BERA gas, HONEY stable, BGT governance).

GAMEFIAPR 2023
BIG TIME$BIGTIME

5.0B BIGTIME supply. Largest allocations: 60% player rewards, 20% community / marketing, 20% ecosystem / treasury. Insider total ~0%; TGE float ~0%. Data parsed from DeFiLlama Unlocks and validated against the protocol's published distribution.

DEPINNov 2021
BITTENSOR$TAO

Decentralised AI/ML training network. 21M max supply mirroring Bitcoin's halving schedule. 100% distributed via mining (subnet validators + miners). No VC pre-sale, no team allocation.

L1 / L2Jun 2024
BLAST$BLAST

Native-yield ETH L2 by the Blur team. 100B BLAST supply: 33% community, 25.5% core contributors, 16.5% investors, 8% Blast Foundation, 7% Blast Points (usage rewards), 7% Blast Gold (NFT app rewards), 3% Blur Foundation.

DEFIDEC 2024
BLUEFIN$BLUE

1.0B BLUE supply. Largest allocations: 32.5% user incentives, 28% strategic participants, 20% core contributors. Insider total ~48%; TGE float ~0%. Data parsed from DeFiLlama Unlocks and validated against the protocol's published distribution.

NFTFeb 2023
BLUR$BLUR

NFT marketplace + aggregator focused on professional traders. 3B supply, ~51% to community/incentives, 29% to core contributors + team, 20% to investors. Largest single retroactive NFT-trader airdrop ever.

MEMECOINDec 2022
BONK$BONK

100T BONK supply on Solana. Christmas Day 2022 airdrop — 50% distributed to early Solana users (NFT holders, DeFi LPs, validators, devs). Remaining: 20% community contributors, 16% bonkDAO multisig, 7% Solana-specific marketing/grants, 5% early contributors, 2% IDO. Restored Solana's retail narrative post-FTX collapse.

DEFIAPR 2024
BOUNCEBIT$BB

2.1B BB supply. Largest allocations: 35% staking reward & delegation program, 21% investors, 14% bounce club & ecosystem reserve. Insider total ~36%; TGE float ~0%. Data parsed from DeFiLlama Unlocks and validated against the protocol's published distribution.

DEFIDEC 2022
CAMELOT$CAMELOT

100,000 CAMELOT supply. Largest allocations: 22.5% liquidity mining, 20% core contributors, 15% public sale. Insider total ~22%; TGE float ~0%. Data parsed from DeFiLlama Unlocks and validated against the protocol's published distribution.

DEFIAUG 2022
CANTO$CANTO

1.1B CANTO supply. Largest allocations: 41.8% long term liquidity mining, 32.6% medium term liquidity mining, 12.1% initial contributors. Insider total ~12.1%; TGE float ~0%. Data parsed from DeFiLlama Unlocks and validated against the protocol's published distribution.

L1 / L2JUN 2024
CANTON$CANTON

61.6B CANTON supply. Largest allocations: 40.3% super validator rewards, 25.2% app rewards (forecast), 19.1% app rewards. Insider total ~0%; TGE float ~0%. Data parsed from DeFiLlama Unlocks and validated against the protocol's published distribution.

DEFIOCT 2024
CARV$CARV

1.0B CARV supply. Largest allocations: 50% nodes & community, 19.5% founding team & advisors, 9.2% early investors. Insider total ~37%; TGE float ~4%. Data parsed from DeFiLlama Unlocks and validated against the protocol's published distribution.

L1 / L2Oct 2023
CELESTIA$TIA

First major modular data-availability L1. 1B supply. 27% public allocation, 21% R&D + ecosystem, 18% backers, 18% initial core contributors, 7% genesis drop, 6% early backers, 4% future contributors.

DEFIAUG 2024
CELLANA FINANCE$CELLENAFIN

1.0B CELLENAFIN supply. Largest allocations: 20% airdrop, 17% ecosystem grant, 15% marketing. Insider total ~15%; TGE float ~20%. Data parsed from DeFiLlama Unlocks and validated against the protocol's published distribution.

L1 / L2Apr 2020
CELO$CELO

Mobile-first L1 (later transitioned to ETH L2 in 2024). 1B supply: 26.4% staking & validator reserve, 20.9% team/advisors/founders, 18.5% community grants, 13.3% pre-launch sales, 13% initial reserve, 7.9% operational grants. Originally pegged to phone-number-based identity for emerging-market remittances.

RWAMay 2021
CENTRIFUGE$CFG

On-chain RWA credit protocol — tokenises real-world assets (invoices, royalties, real estate) for DeFi pools. 425M initial supply, ~27% to early backers, 17% to core contributors, balance to community + treasury.

DEFIMAY 2023
CETUS$CETUS

1.0B CETUS supply. Largest allocations: 50% community, 20% team & advisors, 15% investors. Insider total ~35%; TGE float ~50%. Data parsed from DeFiLlama Unlocks and validated against the protocol's published distribution.

DEFINOV 2023
CHAINFLIP$FLIP

90M FLIP supply. Largest allocations: 38% strategic investors, 24.4% treasury reserves, 12.9% contributors. Insider total ~50.8%; TGE float ~0%. Data parsed from DeFiLlama Unlocks and validated against the protocol's published distribution.

DEPINSep 2017
CHAINLINK$LINK

1B max supply ICO'd in 2017. 35% to public sale, 30% to node operator incentives, 35% to Chainlink Labs. No formal vesting schedule — Labs holdings unlock at the team's discretion via on-chain transfers, which has been the source of recurring market controversy.

DEFIJAN 2023
CHEELEE$CHEEL

1.0B CHEEL supply. Largest allocations: 38.2% cheelee rewards, 28.7% marketing, 12.2% reserve fund. Insider total ~10.8%; TGE float ~10%. Data parsed from DeFiLlama Unlocks and validated against the protocol's published distribution.